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US Supreme Court ruling could change the way DUI arrests are performed

Posted at 4:10 PM, Jun 30, 2016
and last updated 2016-06-30 18:11:47-04

Unreasonable search and seizure: It's an amendment meant to protect citizens from law enforcement searching their personal property without a warrant.

"If you test above what the legal limit, is which is .08, then you are presumed to be unable to operate your motor vehicle safely." That is the national limit, explained Olathe, Kansas, criminal defense attorney William David Langston.

But does a breathalyzer test during a suspected DUI count? Langston, who owns his own law firm in Kansas but works cases on both sides of the state line, said yes and no.

"What the justices said was that blowing into a machine is a small impairment or impingement on your personal right to privacy, but it is far outweighed by the benefit of the community to get someone who might be intoxicated off the road to save lives," he said.

SCOTUS Blog: Get a breakdown of this Supreme Court decision and what it means for you

So here's what the ruling said (as broken down by Langston). A breathalyzer is constitutional, a blood test is not if cops don't have a warrant from a judge. This is a big deal because there are cases in Kansas whose outcome could change based on this very constitutionality.

"The Kansas Supreme Court, earlier this year, decided a series of four cases and at the base what the court held was that in order to lawfully require a breath test after a DUI arrest, either the government needs a warrant or the government needs the subject's consent," explained Derek Schmidt, the Kansas attorney general. "The U.S. Supreme Court said that the whole predicate of that decision is incorrect - that breath tests can be administered consistent with the Fourth Amendment without a warrant and without consent."
 
The Kansas Supreme Court must look into the U.S. Supreme Court's decision before law can change in the state. So, right now, if an officer pulls over a driver, that driver can refuse a breathalyzer test without penalty. But once Kansas law catches up with U.S. law, a driver in the same situation could be charged with a crime simply for refusing a breathalyzer test. In Kansas, the jail time for refusing a breath test is the exact same as the jail time for DUI.
 
Schmidt said his offices has asked the Kansas Supreme Court to rule quickly so that Kansas law matches up with U.S. law. 
 

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Terra Hall can be reached at terra.hall@kshb.com.

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